The genetic variations related to depression may also be somewhat different between men and women. It is possible that what is currently considered to be a single disease called 'depression' is actually multiple disorders with similar signs and symptoms these disorders could have different genetic risk factors. Studies suggest that variations in many genes, each with a small effect, combine to increase the risk of developing depression.ĭetermining the genetic risk factors for depression is challenging for several reasons. However, research into the genetics of depression is in its early stages, and very little is known for certain about the genetic basis of the disease.

In people with schizoaffective disorder, depression or another mood disorder occurs together with features of schizophrenia (a brain disorder that affects a person's thinking, sense of self, and perceptions).ĭepression is known to run in families, suggesting that genetic factors contribute to the risk of developing this disease. These include dysthymia (which has long-lasting signs and symptoms that are similar to, but not as severe as, those of depression), perinatal or postpartum depression (which occurs around or following the birth of a child), seasonal affective disorder (which is triggered by the changing of the seasons), bipolar disorder (which can include both 'highs,' or manic episodes, and depressive episodes), and generalized anxiety disorder. Several health conditions are closely related to depression or have depression as a characteristic feature. People with depression have a higher risk of substance abuse problems and dying by suicide than the general population. Affected individuals may have difficulty functioning in their daily lives, including at school or work. If untreated, episodes of depression can last for weeks, months, or years, and can go away and come back (recur). However, the features of this condition vary widely.ĭepression most commonly begins in late adolescence or early adulthood, although it can appear at any age. To be diagnosed with depression, an individual must have signs and symptoms nearly every day for at least 2 weeks. Although depression is considered primarily a mental health disorder, it can also have physical features including headaches, other unexplained aches and pains, unusually slow or fast movements, and digestive problems. People with depression may also have changes in appetite (leading to overeating or not eating enough), changes in sleeping patterns (sleeping too much or not being able to sleep), loss of energy, and difficulty concentrating. It causes prolonged feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities that were once enjoyed. Depression (also known as major depression or major depressive disorder) is a psychiatric disorder that affects mood, behavior, and overall health.

Am i having a depressive episode